The Wood Structure

Typically most homes in the U.S. are built from a wooden frame or structure by using two-by-four- or two-by-six-inch studs. At the rate homes are being built, old growth forests are no longer able to meet the demands of our lumber needs which have resulted in an increase in lumber prices. Industry has responded to this problem by using techniques that use younger trees and discarded tree scraps.

To construct a more efficient home using a wood-based structure, consider the following steps:

• Avoid the use of mature woods that come from old growth forests and avoid large size framing that requires two-by-tens or two-by twelves.
• Purchase domestic woods that are derived from sustainable forest management.
• Use discarded and salvaged wood products obtained from disassembled buildings and bridges.
• Consider engineered wood products such as trusses and I-joints made from wood that has low grade fibers, fast growth rates, and small diameters. These components may actually offer better performance than lumber alone.
• If engineered wood products are used, ensure that they are “made with exterior-type glues (phenolic resins) and urethane (polyurea) adhesives which give off the lowest amount of emissions.”

Steel Framing

Steel has become increasing popular for construction in residential homes. According to the National Association of Home Builders steel framing used for single-family homes increased by 52 percent in 1998.

Construction practices for framing a home and the associated costs are virtually the same as with wood. Steel, however, is impervious to termites and offers a high resistance to earthquakes, fires, and floods.

It is important to note that without the proper caution and consideration, a steel home may be less energy efficient than a home built from wood. Due to its composition, steel has the ability to transfer cold and heat at a rate 400 times greater than wood. Insulation halts the heat transfer, and can be installed by wrapping rigid insulation around steel framing, combined with the placement of batts of insulation between steel studs.

Steel is highly recyclable. Using recycled steel for building needs saves not only energy but also conserves natural resources. Recycled and salvaged steel may be purchased from scrap dealers.